Arizona Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) Practice Test

What term describes the wasting or decrease in the size of a muscle?

1. Hypertrophy

2. Atrophy

3. Cramping

4. Spasticity

The correct answer is: Atrophy

Atrophy is the term used to describe the wasting or decrease in the size of a muscle. This can occur due to various factors, such as lack of physical activity, aging, malnutrition, or disease. When the muscles are not used regularly, they can lose strength and mass, leading to a condition where the muscle fibers shrink and weaken. This process is often seen in individuals who are immobilized for long periods or in those suffering from conditions that limit movement. Understanding this term is essential for caregivers and healthcare providers, as it highlights the importance of maintaining muscle health and activity to prevent such degeneration. In contrast, hypertrophy refers to the increase in muscle size, cramping involves painful muscle contractions, and spasticity is characterized by stiff or tight muscles that impair movement. Each of these terms describes different muscular conditions and phenomena, illustrating the complexities of muscle health and function.